https://www.eduardodefrancisco.com/stories daily 0.75 2020-07-04 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593283274696-L3A9BVW4F8K7V4OND5HQ/Spring+in+Misrata-1.jpg Stories https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593283304613-DVZ5RUA7B4U65ONPU8OJ/Spring+in+Misrata-2.jpg Stories A man drives his car (extensively shot, with his family inside, one month before) around the center of Misrata https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593283331552-RP06D4I34FCI2R949GDJ/Spring+in+Misrata-3.jpg Stories People strolling around Tripoli Street watch and comment the destruction caused by the war https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593283374621-ZRVZ4IUIRDR3D80A0ZDW/Spring+in+Misrata-4.jpg Stories Tripoli Street, Misrata's main street, was totally destroyed during the first weeks of the battle for the city https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593283401290-QIT0EO2J1GSTTUUI5DEG/Spring+in+Misrata-5.jpg Stories A group of soldiers prepare their guns for an assault on loyalist positions https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593283433529-1VSA4L5D4CAY629PXJFF/Spring+in+Misrata-6.jpg Stories A soldier prays during a pause in combats at the Ad Dafiniyah frontline https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593283455021-GIRXOCZV2GTQPU193NEV/Spring+in+Misrata-7.jpg Stories A group of soldiers receive instruction in order to, in one week, be ready to go to the frontline https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593283497577-N6XE6UDY66G31N749QQ7/Spring+in+Misrata-8.jpg Stories A group of rebel soldiers, after advancing ten kilometers into the frontline, shoot a recoilless cannon over loyalist positions https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593283513472-GAABXV9P65IEMJIYHTGO/Spring+in+Misrata-9.jpg Stories A rebel soldier shoots a pick-up mounted machine gun over positions defended by Gadaffi's loyalist soldiers https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593283546938-QYEXAA2EWVQNHQEDUUPO/Spring+in+Misrata-10.jpg Stories After taking over a line of enemy positions, a group of rebel soldiers answer fire coming from loyalist soldiers located around a hundred meters away https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593283587793-7RBA1J5T61NLVND1WWNQ/Spring+in+Misrata-11.jpg Stories A group of rebel soldiers capture an injured loyalist soldier after taking over a position defended by Gadaffi's loyalists https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593283597973-96NG0YPWLYRZ9RDU1664/Spring+in+Misrata-12.jpg Stories Rebel soldiers launch mortars on Gadaffi's positions https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593283657784-LEYHC4L38AUUTK4CT4LR/Spring+in+Misrata-13.jpg Stories From an advanced position at the Ad Dafiniyah frontline, a rebel soldier fires over Gadaffi's positions https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593283665558-1T8WW02BZWYLI4Z6SBQ4/Spring+in+Misrata-14.jpg Stories After taking over a loyalist's tank and a big amount of ammunition, a group of rebel soldiers celebrate victory https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593283713580-SKECPOM9E2NR0PQJJV1Y/Spring+in+Misrata-15.jpg Stories A nurse holds a soldier seriously injured in the frontline, whose right arm had to be amputated https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593283728917-PLQXTUUI7ZOZ51WY5Z1Q/Spring+in+Misrata-16.jpg Stories At a field hospital in the Ad Dafiniyah frontline west of Misrata, a group of doctors tries to save the life of a soldier freshly injured. In spite of the medical team's efforts, he lost his live https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593283765621-NS3AVQ573Q510IGLQ15R/Spring+in+Misrata-17.jpg Stories Workers at the emergency unit of Al Hikma hospital in Misrata clean a poodle of blood after a severely injured soldier was treated https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593283765023-XODK7XBOOLQ3HEKV1NDK/Spring+in+Misrata-18.jpg Stories Relatives, friends and comrades of a soldier fallen in the Tawarga frontline celebrate his burial in a cemetery in Misrata https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593283826746-RFWM5I29GQC3PBQDYG67/Spring+in+Misrata-19.jpg Stories Amohammed Sahli, 12 years old, recovers at a physiotherapy clinic in Misrata. A missile launched by Gadaffi's forces fell into his house while he was playing with his brothers and sisters. Amohammed lost one hand, the thumb of the other hand (which might still be amputated if it doesn't respond to the treatment) and one eye's sight, on top of breaking his both legs in several places and suffer extensive burns all around his body https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593283822920-QSUAGPC3ZXX0NWAM52TB/Spring+in+Misrata-20.jpg Stories With a background of tanks captured to Gadaffi's forces, children enjoy the activities organized by social charities from the city https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593283879771-IDZD5ISHTSOROXCTOL26/Spring+in+Misrata-21.jpg Stories Misrata's families watch a group of tanks used by the infamous Khamis Brigade (commanded by one of Gadaffi's sons) to bomb civilian buildings in the center of Misrata. This building (a market before the war) was later bombed by NATO to destroy a total of seven loyalist tanks https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593283870974-KIZ6D3VWX4ZTZPE60738/Spring+in+Misrata-22.jpg Stories A girl, drapped in the rebel's flag, walks in front of an exhibition of artillery pieces used by Gadaffi's forces to bomb Misrata during the severe fighting in March and April https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593283912653-6CU7I66AUDSKA4K3TFSE/Spring+in+Misrata-23.jpg Stories After cleaning the street of the war's debris, traffic comes back to Misrata's city center https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593283944789-78GN9ZEBRSPVLMLB8N4P/Spring+in+Misrata-24.jpg Stories A boy sells cigarettes in a corner of Tripoli Street, seriously damaged during the war https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593283963391-XNUGPP7QD89RAQYGXNKN/Spring+in+Misrata-25.jpg Stories At dusk, a group of women chat in Sahat Al Hout Square https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593283988607-6269UDIKWUVX2D6N198O/Spring+in+Misrata-26.jpg Stories In a meeting for women organized by the charity "Alshahed" to support the war, and old woman reacts in front of the camera, raising the rebel flag and a victory sign https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593363161468-AD3B9JX53MNXNH26OEKV/Somalia-1.jpg Stories https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593363177198-SWY5I95QG2QO4TJ65ZC4/Somalia-2.jpg Stories Street children in Mogadishu sniffing glue, bought to older children with the money that they get begging. To feed themselves, they scavenge in rubbish dumps. Heavy glue users like them can expect to suffer irreversible brain damage in two years. ------ Sadam (centre), 8 years old, is from Baidoa. His father was addicted to qat (an intoxicating plant very widely used in Somalia) and owed money to a woman who sold it, so she called Al Shabab. A group of soldiers chained him and, in front of the rest of the family, shot him in the head. Sadam's mother, with all his other brothers and sisters, left for Mogadishu but died on the way, leaving him alone when the children dispersed. Sadam continued walking, sleeping in trees during the night and begging for food during the day until he arrived to the city, where he arrived three months ago. Here he met other children and started sniffing glue. He sleeps in the ground and the nightmares awake him in the night. He only gets to forget where he sniffs glue. ------ Farham (right), 12 years old, is from Markah. He arrived to Mogadishu with his family in 2007 escaping the frequent combats between the Ethiopian Army and the Islamic Courts of Justice, from where Al Shabab originated. Since his mother suffered mental problems, his father divorced her and expelled from the common home, marrying another woman. Since his new stepmother beat him frequent and brutally, Farham escaped and now lives in the street. He has been injured twice: a ricocheting bullet hits his left leg while he was playing football with friends and later on, a mortar felt near the place where he was sleeping at Km.4. When he sniffs, he feels to be floating and to be somewhere else, and forgets his troubles. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593363243308-H22UYZFI0VF67W5BATG5/Somalia-3.jpg Stories Mohammed Abdul Katir, 10 years old, was walking home with three other boys when a bomb exploded in the street killing his three friends. He received shrapnel impacts in his stomach (for which he has just been operated) and on the chest, and has injuries in legs, arms and hands. He recovers at the only facility with the capacity to cope with such injuries in the war-ravaged country, Medina Hospital in Mogadishu, supported by the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593363261246-YMA05ZB2KZFSD283S3GV/Somalia-4.jpg Stories Street scene near Bakaara Market in Mogadishu. After more than 20 years of continuous war, the country's economy is totally ruined https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593363313252-A5WYJXRE7Y090Q3IT80G/Somalia-5.jpg Stories Camp for Internally Displaced People (IDPs) of Darwish, Mogadishu, where 7000 people live and share six latrines. They have no drinking water or sanitary assistance, and receive occasional food from Turkish humanitarian organizations. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593363331504-MSXJP3Z5KGPCSG58VUKC/Somalia-6.jpg Stories Sukarey (left) is 30 years old and lives at Gar Gaar camp for displaced people in Mogadishu, with her husband and five children. They had to abandon their fields and village near the city of Baidoa because of the continuous drought. After four months in the capital, they have neither income nor more help than the erratic food deliveries provided by a Turkish humanitarian organization https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593363375563-8IAMTN38UHB56OROAPCK/Somalia-7.jpg Stories View of a camp for displaced people in Mogadishu. Hundreds of thousands of people live surrounded by rubbish and among the ruins of the war, with no sanitation, running water or any other kind of services https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593363394591-INUZMW78ETICHCUZKFRT/Somalia-8.jpg Stories Ifrah Mukhtar, who is three months old and weights 2.3 kg. Born in Afgoye, her mother and grandmother brought her to Mogadishu in order to receive malnutrition treatment. They arrived with nowhere to sleep or money to buy food, so the hospital feeds the three of them. Ifrah is at the malnourished children wing of Banadir Hospital, meters away from the place where a bomb exploded in November 2011 while she was there. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593363458601-UUNBVGUXRQQFQ4LOYW22/Somalia-9.jpg Stories Funeral of Zaina Siido, a girl five months old, who the previous day had breathing problems. Since their parents live at the Tarabunga camp for displaced people, they had nowhere to take her for assistance so she died in the evening. It is not the first time that a child of the family from Baidoa dies in the three years that they have been living in Mogadishu. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593363468401-9S2EX6L7I6PKGL1CPMCS/Somalia-10.jpg Stories A chained patient sleeps at Habib Mental Health Hospital in Mogadishu. Although one in three Somalis suffers severe mental health disorders, assistance in psychological facilities is practically non-existent. The population believes that mental health patients are actually people possessed by black magic charms and, in thousands of cases, people suffering schizophrenic or psychosis who might be easily treated and have a normal life are instead tied to trees for decades, dying of tuberculosis or eaten up by hyenas. Neither the government nor any humanitarian organization supports the hospital. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593363547552-U13YNS1CVCC8VGJMH22B/Somalia-11.jpg Stories Habib Mental Health Hospital in Mogadishu. Hospital staff reduces a patient, admitted the same day, after suffering an anxiety attack. Founded by Dr. Abdirrahman Ali Awale in 2005, the only support that the hospital (the only facility for the treatment of mentally ill patients in this traumatized city) receives comes from sporadic donations from Somalis from the Diaspora plus some drugs provided by the World Health Organization (WHO). The workers are volunteers and many patients are homeless or have been abandoned by their families. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593363536417-E4L2EAI0TPCZDNV6LFT9/Somalia-12.jpg Stories Shamso, 18 years old, deaf and blind on one eye. Even though she laughs continuously, she has almost no interaction with other people. Shamso has no other diagnosis than "mental disorder", although she seems to suffer an extreme case of post-traumatic stress disorder, probably caused by armed fighting. Her family abandoned her here, in an annex building to the Habeb Mental Hospital in Mogadishu, where there is neither the capacity nor the means to provide her with treatment. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593363604889-43ESLOMR1XJJJYCWMPTR/Somalia-13.jpg Stories Boys playing football in the streets of Mogadishu. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593363611550-IMAKZOJJL83RGQHJ2631/Somalia-14.jpg Stories Man affected by polio when he was young, now working as collector for a moneylender at Bakaara Market in Mogadishu. The total absence of financial institutions (and anything resembling tax collection) makes the population vulnerable to extortion and usury https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593363659171-ABNGBNY4CQZ0CJS98T1M/Somalia-15.jpg Stories Camp for displaced people of Yibuti in Mogadishu, where more than 3500 people live. The camp has been opened for 6 years and hosts people from Baidoa, who claim not to have received water, food or any kind of assistance in the last two years. Even though the main source of income for their habitants is all kind of daily jobs and begging, they are collecting money to build two latrines, which would be the first ones in the camp. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593363683335-HEZB9WKAFIU6FP15RAXS/Somalia-16.jpg Stories Street children foraging for anything valuable in the rubbish mounds accumulated in front of the catholic cathedral of Mogadishu. Built during the Italian colonization of the country, it was destroyed during the war, being bombed several times. Today, the building is in ruins and populated by the plastic tents of the families displaced from the countryside. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593363769259-00M1TM8CILSE0OT04Q01/Somalia-17.jpg Stories A group of street children and homeless people (mostly drug abusers and mentally ill people and all of them men since women don't survive on their own in the streets of Mogadishu) receive a daily pot of cooked food delivered by a local organization https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593363746210-9SBRSNG9IEH25A9MQGR3/Somalia-18.jpg Stories Scene at Hamerweyne Market https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593363808004-YW4OSVJHYYJOU89S5DP5/Somalia-19.jpg Stories Scene near the Bakaara Market in Mogadishu, a city where no building is untouched by the ravages of the war, and most of them have been extensively damaged https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593363834032-TKIWAJLFRPIQ3Z7RSPXS/Somalia-20.jpg Stories Two old men in the street going to Bakaara Market in Mogadishu, the biggest commercial centre of Somalia and still fiercely disputed by diverse militias from the city that finance themselves by taxing the shop owners https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593363910577-2DFGV6G32L9XSILSBHO2/Somalia-21.jpg Stories Mogadishu fishing port, a small beach where small artisanal boats disembark relatively big amounts of fish every day including sharks, manta rays and turtles. Fisheries are an artisanal industry in Somalia, and fishermen use small boats that can't get away more than a few kilometres from the shore. Industrial fishing (fishing being the only resource that might help to develop Somalia) is carried out by big factory boats belonging to foreign companies https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593363968526-1D533B4GG3LDWL5272PA/Somalia-22.jpg Stories Scene at the Mogadishu fishing port, a small beach near the city centre. As with every other industry or task, hundreds of children are used as cheap labor. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593364035644-KTORJIOX0KM8Z0GH10WT/Somalia-23.jpg Stories Panoramic view of a recently habilitated section of Ifo refugee camp near Dadaab. More than half a million Somali refugees live in four camps surrounding Dadaab in Eastern Kenya, which continue receiving a constant influx of families escaping drought, war and famine in Somalia. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593364064634-WPB3V3OQDGAJYJH45N4A/Somalia-24.jpg Stories Habiba Mohammed and her five children (here pictured with two daughters, one of the in malnutrition treatment at a nearby clinic run by Médecins Sans Frontières -MSF-) has been living in a shack for five months at Ifo refugee camp near Dadaab, while she waits for a regular tent. Since her husband had to stay to take care of the family's land in Somalia, she and the children had to do alone the gruelling one-month trip to the camps. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593364119857-0QRII5PYUXPYZO926QAD/Somalia-25.jpg Stories Refugee families receive their fortnightly allowance of food (wheat flour in the picture) in a distribution centre managed by the organization CARE and the World Food Program (WFP) at the Dagahaley refugee camp near Dadaab in Kenya. Food rations (together with the rest of services like drinking water, latrines, health, education, etc.) guarantee the survival of the refugee families but create a culture of dependency in a population without realistic perspectives of a better future. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593364148408-7NCE8ZW92LOIGYOOYR2K/Somalia-26.jpg Stories A group of women return home after collecting firewood for cooking at the Ifo refugee camp near Dadaab in Eastern Kenya. In a situation where the basic humanitarian assistance (food, water, health) is not 100% funded, firewood is the only fuel that refugee families can afford in spite of the huge ecological impact in a region already very arid and severely eroded. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593364186640-G6HX2MDC0I05J3UK4A56/Somalia-27.jpg Stories Khadija Adam, nine months old, suffers acute malnutrition and for 15 days has been receiving oxygen and therapeutic food at the hospital that the German organization GIZ runs at the Ifo refugee camp near Dadaab. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593364220342-W4PNY4GHX511Q8Q2Q8XB/Somalia-28.jpg Stories Hodan Diriye Faraha (left), left Kismayo in Somalia in 1999 to be relocated to South Africa with help from the United Nations High Commission for the Refugees (UNHCR). She was there operated of a severe back problem. The South African government, however, expelled her to Kenya in 2007, where she has no relatives. Since she got pregnant without being married, the rest of the Somali community immediately repudiated her, so she was forced to leave in the street, where her son died. She was eventually hosted by a group of women in their flat of Eastleigh in Nairobi, where she shares three rooms with another fifteen people. She barely goes out to the street since she fears that she might be assassinated. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593364234005-SNQ0J4YTOQANGL6OKYT5/Somalia-29.jpg Stories A family arrives at Ifo refugee camp near Dadaab in Kenya. After living several months in shacks on the outskirts of the Dagahaley refugee camp, they have finally been assigned a definitive tent at Ifo. Although the tents themselves are supposed to be a temporary solution until conditions in Somalia allow for repatriation, some families have been living in the camps for more than twenty years and the possibility for real improvements in Somalia are minimal. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593443091035-7MLS6M4B30MENZLE24LM/Tondo-1.jpg Stories https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593443146753-JN6G29Z0SBVAG04TSSH5/Tondo-2.jpg Stories John Ocampo (right) and John De los Santos. They work together recycling rubbish in the streets of 'Aroma'. They have been in Manila since 31 and 40 years ago, respectively. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593443159506-LRXAEH56MTHULOEW6LMV/Tondo-3.jpg Stories Jimmy Barnoba (right) and his wife Mary Vista (left, inside the plastic tent where they live). Since they arrived from Samar Island to Manila in 1977, they have worked scavenging in different dumps. These days, Jimmy works inside the barges where the rubbish trucks dump the city's refuse. Mary can't work since, some years ago, one of those trucks hit her hip badly and forced them to use crutches. Every now and then, a church nearby gives them second hand clothes. They have a four-year old son. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593443243582-D2W7CKK9MMJU0ORVWMRF/Tondo-4.jpg Stories Roberto. He works classifying rubbish in the streets of Aroma and earns between 100 and 200 peseos (2-4 euro) per day. He normally works with cables and electronic waste. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593443253801-HLN47VVZIAVGBFHS2HL7/Tondo-5.jpg Stories Manila, seen from Tondo, with the Estero river in the foreground. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593443330045-VS5VXO9F4GVOYWCOMXW5/Tondo-6.jpg Stories Navotas Cemetery, north of Tondo. A group of children, who live inside the cemetery with their families, search among the rests of burn waste for anything that can be reused. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593443318921-B1F1BBRJW0WEWJAJ046D/Tondo-7.jpg Stories Making vegetal charcoal with the remains of wood rescued from dumps or bought. The men prepare the pires mixing wood and earth and keeping them in combustion in between 4 and 7 days depending on size. Several friends work together, initially borrowing money to buy the wood and later on dividing the benefits: they can make 500 pesos (around 10 euro) per person in five days of hard work. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593443392888-BCZB1WQYPT0PIH30EB4C/Tondo-8.jpg Stories Streets inside the old industrial complex known as 'GK', these days subdivided into hundreds of houses. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593443444184-R8DE7O4SMICAHR4XA8MG/Tondo-9.jpg Stories Jasmine, 12 years old. Like the rest of her siblings, she helps the family whenever extra hands are needed. Here, she packs pieces of charcoal into plastic sacks, waiting for the dealer. In Tondo, in between 500 and 800 families depend on charcoal production for their subsistence. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593443512796-REH3VLF7CTKZ5B3X2IAE/Tondo-10.jpg Stories In 1957, the municipality of Manila started dumping waste into a small lake in Tondo. Decades later, it became a 50 meters high hill, known as 'Smokey Mountain', where hundreds of families eked out a living scavenging. The dump was closed in 2009, but Smokey Mountain is nowadays excavated as if it were a mine, in order to recover cans, nails, pieces of wood, bottles, etc. In this picture, Dante, 50 years old, who was born here and worked as an scavenger all his life, digs for 10 hours every day to earn 50 or 100 pesos (1 - 2 euro) per day to feed his women and five children. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593443540955-318CSRPCFK7V7LVFLK8T/Tondo-11.jpg Stories Daily workers carry bags containing rubbish already classified and ready for treatment. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593443632949-2RULEWA8R31ABCTSF8IP/Tondo-12.jpg Stories Perlita, who lives in the neighbourhood of 'Aroma' and works fifteen hours a day classifying plastic. She makes, on average, 75 pesos per day (1.5 euro), adding this to her husband's meagre salary as a construction worker. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593443633891-3LLSBJIBOI3O1SN20IMW/Tondo-13.jpg Stories Children playing near the mouth of the Vitas river, which carries big amounts of rubbish and organic refuse into the see. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593443735743-NG3QRAITVLS46M1GR47Z/Tondo-14.jpg Stories Streets of the GK comples at dusk. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593443735582-AHJYU8G89AOXFKX9U0JS/Tondo-15.jpg Stories At dusk at Roxas Bulevard, two scavengers rummaging through the litter bins walk along middle-class Filipinos. They are very often invisible to these, who sometimes don't even know that, in the same city, thousands of families make a living from the rubbish. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593443809320-V332144RKIZ6MIOB1CX8/Tondo-16.jpg Stories Renato Traballos (left) goes around the quarter of 'Happyland' collecting bottles rescued by children: 50 cents of peso (one cent of euro) the big ones, one peso the small ones. Then he resells them to a bigger dealer for double those prices. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593443816301-3EEXOBNQ4UC05ADDLDFT/Tondo-17.jpg Stories Men playing in the streets of Aroma. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593443881114-G7B4NJD8F9RZZSA11NQB/Tondo-18.jpg Stories Before the trucks from the concesionary company, loaded with rubbish, get into the terminal where the rubbish is taken out of Manila in big barges, groups of children climb into them to fish the most valuable picks, in particular aluminium cans: one kilo of aluminium is sold for 50 pesos - one euro. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593443920852-DY4R6NAYADQS1L3FVNK7/Tondo-19.jpg Stories Romel (left), 12 years old. He has 7 brothers and sisters, and lives with his mother and step-father (his father died). He collects rubbish and earns 100 pesos (2 euro) per day. Like most of children of his age, he inhales three bags of glue every day, paying 5 pesos (10 cents of euro) each. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593443975584-DTL7DAY119VFR232PYIX/Tondo-20.jpg Stories Ferdinand Marcos Avenue, early morning. A young scavenger examines what the dump trucks didn't carry, in order to grab anything that might be resold later. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593444023552-D0CN4108FZ8R5CVBI5FZ/Tondo-21.jpg Stories Children looking for empty bottles at the Estero de Vitas https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593444058945-1UWAUQH81952UZEOBOD2/Tondo-22.jpg Stories In the housing complex of GK, a family practices another popular evasion practice in Tondo: karaoke. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593884830910-716GOWSIZCI3TFN0OKJ6/Erased-1.jpg Stories https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593884874057-OVPL0P7T4V0V0EKIYVDV/Erased-2.jpg Stories Sok Rohan, 36 years old. Her husband’s previous wife threw acid on her in 1995. The attack affected most of her upper body, loosing part of her fingers, leaving her blind and with serious problems to move her neck. Her family fell into poverty paying for her operations. She now lives with her husband, father and three children. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593884899454-RY2FTTXBVPAMI86GKSSM/Erased-3.jpg Stories Sukh Ti, 55 years old. He was a vegetable seller in Orussey Market when his cousin threw acid on him in 1994. He had his first and only surgical operation in 1997. He now begs for foreign tourists in front of Toul Sleung museum, the old prison where the Khmer Rouge jailed, tortured and killed up to 17.000 people. He lives with his wife and seven children, being the family's only bread-earner. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593884951600-AASQQMC88X9FS4RA4FMD/Erased-4.jpg Stories Prack Channa, 20 years old. She was attacked in 2007 by her lover's wife. She had to quit her job at a textile factory and now works as a cleaner in a centre for victims of acid, where she has been in treatment for 4 months. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593884973147-9F68MUP3C3GS7SBJEGK4/Erased-5.jpg Stories Soum Bunnarith, left, 40 years old. He worked as a sales representative for Coca-Cola when his wife, pictured right, threw one litre of acid on him (purchased for US$1 on the street) believing that he was having an affaire with another woman. When the police captured her and confessed, he (worried for the luck of their four children) wrote a discharge letter and she was released. He now works as counsellor at the offices of CASC (Cambodian Acid Survivors' Charity) near Phnom Penh, also composing and singing songs against acid violence. He wants 'Justice, not Anger' https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593885014603-JPA9JTMXHWZ62P5S6M0X/Erased-6.jpg Stories Thong Kham, 62 years old and one of the first victims of acid attacks in Cambodia. In 1989, when she was at the local market she was accidentally doused with acid when someone attacked a person near her, who died. After she was operated several times, it was only by meeting a surgical team by Médecins du Monde France that she recovered a minimum of mobility in her hands and neck. A nurse before the attack (shown here with an older picture of her on a holiday at the beach), she couldn't work after the attack and her husband divorced her. As she says, 'I don't know about others but for me, life is just a struggle'. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593885045593-N8ZNGKXI8YPHW615BHN3/Erased-7.jpg Stories Chan Da, 35 years old and her daughter Srei Ta, 5 years old. Chan Da's husband fell in love with his business partner and escaped to France, from where she arranged for five men to throw acid on Chan Da while she was driving a motorcycle together with her children. Srei Ta, sitting at the front, was also affected. The attack left Chan Da blind and unable to continue working as a cook, and she had to sell her house to cover expenses. Although four of the five perpetrator have been jailed with sentences ranging from 10 to 14 years, the orchestrator of the attack has not been held accountable and, since the trial resulted in convictions, no legal aid providers have been found that are willing to take the case further. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593885072818-X04VXACSW4WGGPC7TB6R/Erased-8.jpg Stories Yim Sarun, 34 years old, worked as a security guard at a warehouse, providing for his family of eight people. He had an extra-marital relationship with a woman who, in a fist of jealousy, threw acid on his face. He lost one eye, his face was disfigured, and has problems to swallow or move the neck. He has undergone five operations, this picture being taken just days before the last one. Yim lives now at the rehabilitation centre of CASC (Cambodian Acid Survivors' Charity) near Phnom Penh, where he is about to start training in agricultural production. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593885112643-RI3UQI66XWW6J9DLZFIW/Erased-9.jpg Stories Yim Sarun (see previous picture), recovering from his fifth operation at CASC centre near Phnom Penh. The Cambodian parliament is currently discussing a law to control the traffic and usage of acid in the country, since one of the biggest problems is the easy availability of sulphuric acid (in car batteries), nitric acid (jewellery fabrication) and hydrochloric acid (rubber production). Being unregulated and inexpensive, acid has become a choice weapon for settling disputes. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593885133524-5WEWOX3D0LDINB3C1TO9/Erased-10.jpg Stories Keo Svey Vy, 36 years old. One year ago, his brother-in-law tried to sell his own child in order to buy a motorcycle and she got into a fight with him who, enraged, threw acid on her. Key Svey worked as a cook in Siem Reap. Her parents died during the civil war and his husband died of HIV-related complications in 2002, leaving her with four children. She now works as a cleaner, and with the help of CASC (Cambodian Acid Survivors' Charity), her eldest son is training to work as a cook. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593885169143-Y53SA2IN3YK3I87N8FHQ/Erased-11.jpg Stories Keo Svey Vy, (see previous picture). Just arrived back from hospital after her last operation, her injuries have to be cleaned twice a day, in a painful procedure common to most victims of acid attacks. After the attack, Keo Svey was unable to pursue the child trafficking lawsuit against her brother-in-law and the case was dropped, even though other witnesses were present including an off-duty policeman and five more persons affected by the acid attack. All these witnesses have refused to testify in any legal proceedings. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593885204314-7GQ7WU9LCNU5ML4WZ10A/Erased-12.jpg Stories Keo Svey Vy (see previous two pictures). As damaging as the physical injuries, most acid attack survivors suffer psychological effects. Depression is widespread, and rarely treated. Ashamed by their physical disfiguration, many survivors never leave their homes. According to Domnang Pin, Program Manager at CASC, the only reason suicide rates are not very high is because survivors very often have children and family members who depend on them. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593885231045-9VINJPJUTN7D95BJX4AD/Erased-13.jpg Stories Vong Srey Ly, 21 years old. On the 17th of December 2009 she, along with four other friends, were burnt with acid in their home district of Kirivong, in Takheo Province near Phnom Penh. The perpetrator believed that Vong Srey Ly was having an affair with her brother-in-law, and attacked her (along with her friends, who were sitting next to her) after he denied the accusation. The case was settled out of court, with the perpetrator receiving a four-year sentence, plus economic compensations. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593885253684-UPCA5GI9ZCLJPPEMG7EL/Erased-14.jpg Stories Vong Srey Ly, (see previous picture). Her case is exceptional because it went through the judicial system, but it also highlights the fact that many survivors settle the disputes outside the court room. If they were to launch full legal cases, then the perpetrators would recive harsher sentences. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593885969159-PB5SV3FOJNUUMNBBNEDH/Rescued-1.jpg Stories https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593886044596-OY7F14FADPN7TRI2WI8N/Rescued-2.jpg Stories Monthly meeting in Sonagachi for the program 'Adopt a Granny' https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593886025206-4RPETG7DAMW8Q1U95OTI/Rescued-3.jpg Stories Although these women literally survive thanks to the aid that they receive, this woman told me right before this picture was taken: "previously, everybody was ordering me around: 'old woman, come here'. Now, people respect me and myself, I don't think anymore that I am worthy nothing' https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593886093274-AVNGACHOSMOU24C80AJJ/Rescued-4.jpg Stories Pushpo Das, 82 years old. She arrived to Sonagachi when she was 15, thinking that she would work as a maid. She was then forced to prostitution and stayed like that for the following 40 years. She later on worked as a servant. In an example of the rare freedom allowed to those who are on the lowest step of the social ladder, she had a love marriage when she was 20, even though she continued working. She has a son and a grandson, who also live in Sonagachi. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593886145113-AV8B1VCA29IA23S7TMAD/Rescued-5.jpg Stories With no family (either in Calcutta or in her original District of Bardaman in the indian state of West Bengal), Pushpo Das is also a widow. In India, a particularly disadvantageous situation. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593886164754-7XELHVIQTW2DE59K70P8/Rescued-6.jpg Stories Kapuma Das, 65 years old. She was able to abandon prostitution 'only' after seven years, to start then working as a servant. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593886246078-AQVMK1WR7TH7QVFNFJT7/Rescued-7.jpg Stories Tubhi Devi Thapa (on the left side), a Nepali woman who arrived to Sonagachi when she was 15. Her daughter, at the right side, works as a prostitute in the room shown in the picture and which also doubles as the home of both. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593886232510-NS9KPI7V5P2KI0FY8UKG/Rescued-8.jpg Stories Mana Das. She is 78 years old and is particularly lucky: in exchange for cooking and doing small errands, a family allows her to live in the balcony that can be seen in the background. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593886316713-71BKAC2LZLURICT7ONS2/Rescued-9.jpg Stories Daya Dolay, 65, lives in Sonagachi since she was 18. She worked as a prostitute for 15 years, then as a servant for 25 more years. Now, she has neither work nor other means of subsistence. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593886347894-XVUTANUBEOVH7SOUSIJV/Rescued-10.jpg Stories Shonali Devi at her room / house. More fortunate than other women, she is the owner of this room and can rent it to the younger girls. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593886385710-1UTW46IENCEBYWXGTA4M/Rescued-11.jpg Stories Girls rescued from trafficking in the residence of Nijoloy (literally 'my house'). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593886421310-0E7W03C8P14R29V6QN18/Rescued-12.jpg Stories Two girls rescued from trafficking work sewing clothes at the small company Destiny Productions, later marketed through 'The Emancipation Network' (www.madebysurvivors.com) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593886438125-R27CHKTTB79CMKFPQTVG/Rescued-13.jpg Stories For the girls rescued from traffic (very often with deep psychological scars), the residence of Nijoloy is the first step for reintegration into society. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593886497838-IQDNMH4UTZTEYUBFSP45/Rescued-14.jpg Stories Beacuse of the acute shortage of government centers for minors, Nijoloy receives many girls from the police, who don't know very well what to do with them when they are intercepted at a border post. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593886535415-8KPR1QS5JHE1M5C32C0G/Rescued-15.jpg Stories Girls at the care center of Salt Lake City. Their mothers work as prostitutes in Sonagachi and, afraid that they might be sold away, keep them here. 25.000 rupees (around 470 US dollars) is a typical price. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593886547167-6UVTY28MXBC54Y2AOMCP/Rescued-16.jpg Stories Girls playing in the residence of Nijoloy. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593886655351-BSWF0RD2E7Y9GU0LDPCI/Rescued-17.jpg Stories In Kalighat, a group of children, sons and daughters from women working on prostitution in the area, receive a daily meal at school. Since the introduction of the program, the rates of infant malnutrition have been reduced considerably. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593886661052-3B9ULB8HLK5O29DUGPXC/Rescued-18.jpg Stories Weekly medical check-up in the center of Kumartuli, part of the integrated programs (education, food, medical assistance) partly funded by the government of the state of West Bengal. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ef775a431cfcf448b0d6655/1593886686985-FDEVT01DW0C7E6P89ZK4/Rescued-19.jpg Stories Children scholarized in a building provided by the police station of Jorabagan, in Sonagachi. 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